• Attaining the maʿrifah of Allah: The lesson opens by sorting the Names of Allah into two categories those inspiring awe and those inspiring love before establishing that deeper knowledge of Allah is the foundation of khushūʿ. Learners consider what maʿrifah is and how it is built.
• The magnitude of ṣalāh and the impact of sins: The Hadith in Bukhārī on ʿUthmān رضي الله عنه states that whoever performs wuḍūʾ as the Prophet ﷺ did and prays two rakʿah without letting his thoughts wander, Allah will forgive all his previous sins. Qur’an 83:14 follows on sins leaving a covering over the heart, and the story of al-Rabīʿ b. Khuthaym illustrates the connection between ṣalāh and nūr.
• Safeguarding the eyes, tongue, stomach, and heart: The lesson asks how sins through each of these channels affect khushūʿ, and invites learners to think practically about how to protect them.
• Punctuality with sunnah prayers: Sunnah prayers are compared to stretching before exercise preparation before the farḍ, and compensation for their deficiencies. The rawātib are listed with their rewards, and the Hadith on ṣalāh being the first deed a servant is held accountable for on the Day of Judgement is introduced to anchor the discussion.
• Eliminating distractions: Ibn Kathīr is quoted on khushūʿ belonging only to the one who empties his heart entirely for ṣalāh and prioritises it over everything else. Learners identify their own distractions and how to address them, and the istiʿādhah from Aḥmad seeking protection from Shayṭān’s incitement to madness, pride, and reprehensible poetry is added to the adhkār bank.

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